SHANGHAI, May 25 (Xinhua) -- A collaborative research team from China and Ukraine has been monitoring near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) through regular observations to attain accurate positioning and precise orbit determination for those celestial bodies.

The NEAs are asteroids whose trajectories are in close proximity with Earth's orbit. The possibility of it having an impact on our planet presents a grave threat, underscoring the imperative need for prompt follow-up observations of newly identified NEAs for rapidly assessing their orbital elements.

However, observing rapidly moving objects with extended exposure times can result in streaked images, thus markedly diminishing the accuracy of astronomical measurements.

The researchers from Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Mykolaiv Astronomical Observatory pioneered an innovative method known as the rotating-drift-scan (RDS) charge-coupled device (CCD) technique, which allows the asteroid to be imaged as a point source, even with a long exposure time.

Their work leveraged an extensive dataset comprising more than 11,000 positional measurements of nearly 500 NEAs, captured by the two 50-centimeter telescopes, located, respectively, in the northwestern Chinese city of Xi'an, over the period from 2019 to 2023, and in Mykolaiv, Ukraine, over the period from 2011 to 2022.

Employing this innovative technique, a network of small-aperture telescopes can be effectively utilized to significantly enhance the global NEA monitoring system to safeguard Earth from potential asteroid impacts, according to the study published recently in the Astronomical Journal

由国内与乌克兰科研团队开展近地危险小天体监测数据处理， 详细信息见或见 中国科学院新闻网站。

2023年8月9日，环境减灾二号06卫星成功发射。动力学研究中心承担箭载差分系统研制。该系统是航天飞行测控数据处理的关键技术。 　　相比于星载GNSS系统，箭载系统飞行时间短，无法在飞行过程中进行系统联调和在轨试验，因此需要在试验任务前考虑到所有可能存在的技术风险。 另外，箭载设备金属结构复杂电磁环境对测量信号影响严重，且运动状态特征复杂，技术难度较大。 该系统的交付使用是我台首次实现箭载高精度GNSS飞行测量试验，是北斗三号导航系统新的应用场景,为我台后续开展超高动态目标的研究奠定了良好的基础。 详细信息见 中国科学院新闻 或见 上海天文台新闻 。 拓展阅读：我国成功发射环境减灾二号06星 http://www.xinhuanet.com/tech/20230809/27163175d4e84991b945b57f49c1c769/c.html